Large scale cultivation of plant cell and tissue culture in bioreactors
نویسندگان
چکیده
Bioactive compounds extracted from plants are widely used. The natural habitats for a large number of plants are rapidly destroyed leading to extinction of many valuable and even endemic species. Studies on the production of plant metabolites by callus and cell suspension cultures have been carried out on an increasing scale since the end of the 1950's. The prospect of using such culturing techniques is for obtaining secondary metabolites, such as active compounds for pharmaceuticalss and cosmetics, hormones, enzymes, proteins, antigens, food additives and natural pesticides from the harvest of the cultured cells or tissues. The large scale cultivation of tobacco and a variety of vegetable cells was examined from the late 1950's to early 1960's initiating more recent studies on the industrial application of plant cell culture techniquesin many countries. The first patent for the cultivation of plant tissue was received in 1956. Shortly afterwards, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) started to support research in the field of plant cell cultures for regenerative life support systems (Sajc et al., 2000).
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